Iron
Horn was the brother of Rain-in-the-Face, Hunkpapa, and
the son of Chief Bear Face.
Photo
by A. Gardner 1872, when Iron Horn was part of the Sioux
delegation to Washington. —
Dietmar Schulte-Möhring
This should be the Iron Horn who was a brother of Rain
in the Face. There were six full-brothers, sons of the
Hunkpapa Bear Face I (Mato Ite). The latter was a signatory
as a warrior to the 1825 Hunkpapa treaty with the Atkinson-O'Fallon
Commission. He must have been born about 1800. His sons
were:
Red
Thunder - born about 1827, this is LaDonna's ancestor
Bear Face II - born about 1830
Iron Horn - born about 1830
Rain in the Face - born about 1836
Little Bear - born ?
Shave Head - born ?
The
family was a leading tiwahe within the Che-okhba or Droopy
Penis band. The band occupied the place in the Hunkpapa
camp-circle next to the Sore-Backs band, which suggests
they may have been sister bands, one budded off the other.
This is borne out by the fact that Running Antelope (born
ca. 1820) and Cross Bear (born ca. 1846), who were heads
of the leading Sore-Backs families, are both identified
as 'brothers' of Bear Face II, Iron Horn, etc. In the
case of Running Antelope, I suspect that his father and
Bear Face I were brothers - hence the Lakota relationship
as 'brothers'.
Iron
Horn came to Ft Sully October 1865 to attend treaty talks
as a Hunkpapa soldier. According to his own statement
he was made a chief this same year - 1865. (Robert P.
Higheagle to Stanley Vestal stated that IH was "not
a chief at all", but conceded that he was the herald,
eyanpaha, or camp crier of the Hunkpapas.) He signed the
1868 treaty at Ft Rice and was among the first Hunkpapas
to settle at Grand River Agency - hence his role in the
1872 delegation and the Gardner portrait above. His brothers
Bear Face and Red Thunder were also agency leaders by
1876, but IH stated in 1879 that his other 'brothers',
naming Rain in the Face, Little Bear, and Cross Bear,
were in Canada with Sitting Bull's people.
Check
back to Tokayuspe's posting in the Hunkpapa bands thread,
because he intimates that Long Dog and Iron Dog, Hunkpapa
headmen in Canada with Sitting Bull, were also 'brothers'
to "Rain", i.e Rain in the Face. I'm not sure
how this relationship worked, but one hunch I'm working
on is that these men's mothers may have been 'sisters'
and belonged to the Wakan band of Hunkpapa. I would think
that Iron Dog's and Long Dog's fathers belonged to the
Talonapin, Raw Meat Necklace band. —
Kingsley Bray